Science & Discovery
Space science and discovery from Cosmic Herald — planetary science, cosmology, astrobiology, and the search for life beyond Earth.
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Science & Discovery
A Fresh Sunspot and an Incoming Coronal-Hole Wind Set Up a G1 Aurora Window for July 21-22
New sunspot AR4493 fired an M3.4 flare and 17 others in 24 hours as a fast coronal-hole wind stream heads for Earth, setting up a G1 geomagnetic storm and aurora chances July 21-22.
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Science & Discovery
Nickel Isotopes Finally Name the Rock That Killed the Dinosaurs — and It's an Oddball
Nickel isotopes in K–Pg boundary clay identify the Chicxulub impactor as a rare CO chondrite — so poor in sulfur, carbon and water that atmospheric debris, not impactor sulfur, likely drove the extinction.
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Science & Discovery
Webb's Next Target Just Got Interesting: A Rocky Habitable-Zone World Is Leaking Helium
A Science paper reports the first atmosphere detected on a rocky, habitable-zone exoplanet: helium is escaping the super-Earth LHS 1140b. The signal was time-variable — seen in 2024, gone in 2025 — hinting at an active, replenishing atmosphere.
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Science & Discovery
The asteroid that wasn't: 1998 SH2 outed as an active comet
A NASA/JPL-led study in Nature Astronomy has reclassified near-Earth object 1998 SH2 as an active comet — now P/1998 SH2 — after tiny outgassing-driven accelerations and a faint tail gave it away during a 2025 close pass.
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Science & Discovery
The Meteorite That Crashed Through a New Jersey Roof Was Carrying Alien Amino Acids
Two years to the day after a fireball rattled New York City and a two-pound rock punched through a Hillsborough, NJ roof, scientists report the meteorite preserves sodium-carbonate salts and extraterrestrial amino acids brewed in briny fluids on a 4.5-billion-year-old asteroid.
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Science & Discovery
The Ceiling Was an Illusion: NASA-Led Study Says Solar Storms Could Hit Earth Harder Than We Thought
A NASA-led analysis of over a million solar wind measurements finds the long-assumed "saturation" limit on geomagnetic storm intensity is a statistical artifact, not a real ceiling — meaning the worst space weather could still be ahead of us.
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Science & Discovery
Quiet Sun, Restless Field: Inside NOAA's Latest Space Weather Snapshot
Weeks after an X-class flare sparked aurora across 30 US states, NOAA's July 15 snapshot shows 36 tame sunspots, a mild C3 flare, and just quiet-to-minor storm odds — a reminder that solar weather swings fast.
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Science & Discovery
JWST Finds a "Hot but Cold" Hydrogen Glow Far Out in an Edge-On Planet-Forming Disk
A new JWST study of the edge-on disk Oph 163131 finds hydrogen gas glowing from vibrational excitation without the rotational heat that normally comes with it, pointing to UV and cosmic rays stirring the far reaches of a planet-forming disk.
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Science & Discovery
James Webb's Biggest Discoveries So Far
From the most distant confirmed galaxy to overmassive black holes, a disputed biosignature, and proof the Hubble tension is real, here are JWST's most significant verified findings, sourced to NASA, ESA, and peer review.
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Science & Discovery
Beta Pictoris Gains a Third Confirmed World, Joining an Elite Club of Directly Imaged Systems
NASA's Exoplanet Archive confirmed Beta Pictoris d in its July 9 update, making Beta Pictoris only the second directly imaged system known to host more than two planets.
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Science & Discovery
Inside the Sun's 'Impossible' Thin Layer: NASA's COFFIES Center Cracks the Tachocline Mystery
A NASA-funded supercomputer study finds the Sun's razor-thin tachocline stays thin because it and the solar magnetic field are locked in a mutual feedback loop, resolving a decades-old puzzle tied to space weather forecasting.
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Science & Discovery
JWST's Rocky Worlds Program Delivers Its First Complete Verdict: GJ 3929 b Is a Bare, Airless Rock
Four stacked JWST/MIRI eclipses of the super-Earth GJ 3929 b rule out thick CO2 or water atmospheres at high confidence, giving the Rocky Worlds program its first finished case file — and a warm, dark rock instead of a habitable world.
